The effect of an e-learning program supported by expert systems on cognitive flexibility and learning some basic football skills for students

Abstract

        Many students find the learning process difficult because it is a complex process, so they need to understand and comprehend these educational tasks. Therefore, the aim of this research was to develop an electronic educational program supported by expert systems. The benefit of this program is to identify the impact of this program on cognitive flexibility and learning some basic football skills for students. Therefore, the researchers hypothesize that there are statistically significant differences between the pre- and post-tests between the experimental and control groups in the studied research variables. The researchers also hypothesize that there are moral differences with statistical significance in the post-test between the experimental and control groups in the studied research variables, in favor of the experimental group. The researchers used the experimental method by designing equivalent experimental and control groups with pre- and post-tests to suit the nature of the research problem. As for the research community, the researchers defined their research community as first-year students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Al-Mustansiriya University. The researchers identified the research variables and selected appropriate tests for them. The researchers conducted pre-tests and then applied the educational program to the members of the experimental research sample for a period of (9) weeks. They then conducted post-tests under the same conditions under which the pre-tests were conducted. The researchers used appropriate statistical methods for the research procedures through the statistical kit. After obtaining the results, the data was placed in tables, presented, analyzed, and discussed. Consequently, the researchers concluded that the educational program supported by expert systems plays a significant role in raising the level of cognitive flexibility by expanding thinking horizons and revealing new solutions to any situation, no matter how difficult, for first-year students. This is in addition to learning the skills studied. The researchers recommend shifting technology from the art of design to strategy in teaching and learning.