The relationship between physical attributes and skill achievement in gymnasts

Abstract

This study aims to identify the relationship between certain physical attributes and skill performance achievement in artistic gymnastics, specifically trunk flexibility and the explosive power of the legs among gymnastics players. The importance of the study stems from the fact that gymnastics is a sport that requires a high level of integration between physical and technical abilities, as successful technical performance depends on the availability of specific physical attributes that contribute to mastering floor exercises and achieving higher performance scores. The researcher adopted a descriptive approach using the survey method. The research sample consisted of first-year students from the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Wasit. Standardized scientific tests were used to measure trunk flexibility and the explosive power of the legs. The validity, reliability, and objectivity of these tests were verified, and the data were statistically analyzed using the SPSS software. The results of the study revealed a statistically significant correlation between trunk flexibility and skill performance achievement in gymnastics, confirming the importance of flexibility in performing floor movements that require a wide range of motion and high balance. The findings also showed a stronger statistically significant correlation between the explosive power of the legs and skill performance achievement, as this attribute plays a major role in performing jumps and rapid movements that characterize artistic gymnastics. The researcher concluded that weakness in certain physical attributes, particularly flexibility, negatively affects the students’ technical performance level, and that the explosive power of the legs is one of the most important factors influencing the success of skill performance. The study recommended giving greater attention to physical testing and developing modern educational and training programs to improve the level of skill achievement in artistic gymnastics.