Productive Thinking and its Relationship to the Performance of Setting and Receiving Skills in Volleyball among Fifth Grade Female Students

Abstract

The concept of productive thinking is a mental activity that enables students to contribute effectively to their environment. It relies on a deep understanding of the problem and its reorganization to arrive at a new vision. The research aimed to develop a scale for productive thinking and to identify the correlation between productive thinking and the performance of volleyball setting skills among fifth-grade preparatory school students, as well as the correlation between productive thinking and the performance of volleyball serving receiving skills among fifth-grade preparatory school students. The research hypothesis was that there is a statistically significant correlation between productive thinking and the performance of volleyball setting skills among fifth-grade preparatory school students, and there is a statistically significant correlation between productive thinking and the performance of serving receiving skills among fifth-grade preparatory school students. The research methodology employed a descriptive approach using a survey method and appropriate relationships for the research. The research population consisted of (130) fifth-grade science students from Wasit Governorate, specifically from the Al-Mutafawwiqat Girls' High School for the academic year 2025-2026. The researcher selected 10 students for the sample Random selection was used for the pilot study, and those selected were then excluded from the original research sample. Forty female students were then randomly selected for the main experiment. A sample of 70 female students was chosen to develop the scale. The researcher concluded that middle school students possess productive thinking, and that productive thinking plays an important and positive role in the skills of preparation and transmission. The researcher recommended that teachers pay attention to productive thinking, as it is a positive state that can be utilized in learning by creating suitable conditions and helping students utilize their energy. The researcher also recommended expanding the scope of the research to include different age groups and other skills.